| 释义 | ▪ I. Müllerian, a.1|mʊˈlɪərɪən|
[f. the name of Joh. Müller (1801–58), an eminent German physiologist + -ian.]
In Müllerian duct, a duct in a chick, first observed by Müller, which afterwards becomes the oviduct or Fallopian tube in the female.
[1859Todd's Cycl. Anat. Suppl. 613/1 This is called after its first observer, the duct of Müller.] 1875Q. Jrnl. Microscop. Sci. XV. 91 The Müllerian duct.
▸ Designating or relating to inhibition of development of the Müllerian duct by a substance secreted by the testes of the developing fetus.
1969J. L. Hamerton et al. in J. S. Perry Intersexuality (Proc. 3rd Symp. Soc. Stud. Fertility) 46 We have always found a close correlation between the degree of Wolffian stimulation and Müllerian inhibition. 1971Birth Defects Orig. Article Ser. 7 108 Normal differentiation of the bipotential external genitalia, reproductive ducts, and gonads are dependent upon the presence or absence of androgens from any source,..of mullerian inhibiting factor from the fetal testes, and the number and type of sex chromosomes present respectively. 1988Endocrinology 1232161 Exposure of pituitary cells for 3 days to the inhibin-related peptides transforming growth factor-beta (up to 400 pM) and Mullerian inhibitory substance (up to 100 nM) did not decrease binding of Buserelin. 1996Jrnl. Clin. Endocrinol. & Metabolism 81 3877 Growth and differentiation factors such as inhibin, activin, and Mullerian inhibitory factor that regulate ovarian function.
▪ II. Müllerian, a.2|mʏˈlɪərɪən|
[f. the name of J. F. T. (Fritz) Müller (1821–97), German zoologist, who, in 1878, explained this type of mimicry + -ian.]
In Müllerian mimicry, Müllerian resemblance, a form of mimicry (see sense 2) in which insects of different species develop similar patterns of coloration, etc., as a protective device. Also Müllerian mimic, an insect exhibiting this type of mimicry.
1899[see Batesian a.]. 1934Discovery July 195/1 Two or more, often many, inedible forms assume a similar aspect and thus enjoy a common advantage by virtue of uniting to share the toll levied on them by experimental tasting. This is the kind of assimilation which was explained by Fritz Müller and often goes by the name of Müllerian mimicry. 1951New Biol. X. 73 ‘Müllerian’ resemblance is when two or more distasteful organisms resemble one another, thereby deriving collective advantage in that a predator has only to ‘learn’ one pattern which will suffice to protect all the species which have it. Ibid., Müllerian and Batesian mimics may be involved together in nature in a complex mimetic association, all the members of which wear the same livery. 1968R. D. Martin tr. Wickler's Mimicry in Plants & Animals vii. 78 Most examples of Müllerian mimicry..involve different species with the same complex patterns. Ibid. 79 Müllerian mimicry increases in efficiency the greater the number of species in the system and the better the correspondence in pattern. 1975Trans. Roy. Entom. Soc. CXXVI. 632 Heliconius species are frequently highly distasteful, and act as models in many Müllerian systems. |
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