| 释义 | ▪ I. pickerel1|ˈpɪkərəl|
Forms: 4–6 pyk-, 4–7 pikerel(l(e, 5 pykrelle, pyckerylle, 5–6 pekerell(e, 6 pykarelle, 6–7 pikrel(l, 6–8 pickrel(l, -erell, 6– pickerel, (7 -il, pikrill, 9 pickarel).
[dim. of pike n.4, either of Anglo-Fr. origin, or formed in ME. on OF. analogies: cf. cockerel and -rel. (Fr. has picarel, 16th c. in Godef., as a local name for a salt-water fish on the Mediterranean coast.)]
A young pike, especially at a certain stage of its growth: cf. quot. 1587.
1338Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 35 In quatuor pykerells empt. ixd. c1386Chaucer Merch. T. 175 Bet is..a pyk than a pykerel. c1425Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 641/25 Hic lucellus, pyckerylle. 1462Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 562 My master put in the said pond in smale pekerelles, xx. c1483Caxton Dialogues 12 Lu[c]es, becques, becquets, luses, pikes, pikerellis. 1579in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxford (1880) 402 No pickerell is lawfull eyther to be taken or solde not beinge in length tenne ynches fishe. 1587Harrison England iii. iii. (1878) ii. 18 The pike as he ageth, receiueth diuerse names, as from a frie to a gilthed, from a gilthed to a pod, from a pod to a iacke, from a iacke to a pickerell, from a pickerell to a pike, and last of all to a luce. 1608Topsell Serpents (1658) 671 To sundry fishes..as to the Tench, Pike or Pikerel. 1767Phil. Trans. LVII. 281 A small pickerel..contained no fewer than 25,800 eggs. 1891E. Field West. Verse, Long Ago 196, I knew the rushes near the mill Where pickerel lay that weighed a pound.
b. In U.S. and Canada, The name of several species of Esox, esp. the smaller species; about the Great Lakes, the true pike; also the pike-perch, wall-eye, or glass-eye (Stizostedion vitreum).
1765T. Hutchinson Hist. Mass. I. v. 465 Pickrel, bream, pearch, and other freshwater fish. 1860O. W. Holmes Elsie V. 50 [They] used to go and fish through the ice for pickerel every winter. 1881Harper's Mag. Sept. 512 The principal catch is pickerel, which can be taken even by an unskilful fisherman. 1897Outing (U.S.) XXX. 435/2 What we termed ‘pickerel’ (wall-eyed pike) were better table-fish.
▪ II. ˈpickerel2
[? dim. f. pick. Cf. dotterel.]
A bird: the common name in Scotland of the dunlin (Tringa alpina).
1831Montagu's Ornith. Dict. 144 Dunlin..Provincial. Purre, Least Snipe..Pickerel. 1885Swainson Prov. Names Birds 193 Dunlin... Pickerel (Scotland generally). A name applied to all small waders. |
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