| 单词 | RNA |
| 释义 | RNA Biochem.
Also (rare) R.N.A.
1. Abbrev. of ribonucleic acid.
See also messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA.
1948Jrnl. Biol. Chem. CLXXV. 989 Protein, phospholipides, and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are lost from the liver. 1959Sunday Times 14 June 24/3 RNA carries the genetic information in the small viruses only, while DNA does this in all other organisms. 1968H. Harris Nucleus & Cytoplasm iii. 57 No precise mechanism for this RNA-mediated regulation [of genetic activity] has yet been put forward. 1968Times 19 Oct. 4/8 Further decipherment of the genetic code depended on synthesizing artificial RNAs containing all 64 possible triplet combinations. 1969R. B. Fuller Operating Man. Spaceship Earth iv. 52 The genes and the R.N.A. and D.N.A. and other fundamental principles governing the fundamental design controls of life systems. 1977Nature 27 Oct. 834/1 Enzymatic rather than chemical methods were used to degrade the RNA.
2. Special Combs.a. RNA virus, a virus in which the genetic material is RNA.
1963Nature 17 Aug. 664/1 The use of specific inhibitors has led to the conclusion that the replication of small RNA viruses is not dependent on the integrity of host DNA. 1975Ibid. 23 Oct. 634/3 Many RNA viruses are involved in animal cancers and it is believed that some human cancers may be caused in the same way.
b. In names of enzymes acting on RNA, as RNA polymerase, RNA replicase, RNA synthetase.
1962Biochem. & Biophysical Res. Communications VII. 30 The stimulation by the phage DNA is dependent on the addition of purified *RNA polymerase with polymerase-poor fractions. 1973R. G. Krueger et al. Introd. Microbiol. xi. 331/1 RNA polymerase is a complex enzyme whose affinity for different promoters..depends upon protein factors which are not tightly bound to the core enzyme.
1965Biochem. & Biophysical Res. Communications XVIII. 283 (heading) Isolation of turnip yellow mosaic virus *RNA replicase. 1969New Scientist 18 Dec. 590/1 These small spherical viruses contain RNA, which functions directly as messenger, coding for three proteins, coat protein, ‘maturation factor’ and RNA replicase.
1962F. H. Bergmann in Methods in Enzymol. V. 708 Since the term ‘amino acid-activating enzyme’ thus represents only a partial description of the catalytic activity of such enzymes, the term ‘amino acyl *RNA synthetase’ is more appropriate. 1968Times 29 Oct. 7/4 The third [gene] specifies an enzyme, called RNA synthetase, which produces copies of the RNA strand. |
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