| 释义 | wrasse|ræs|
Also 8 wraws, 8–9 wrass.
[ad. Cornish wrach, mutated form of gwrach = Welsh gwrach wrasse, also old woman (cf. old wife 3). Mod. Cornish dial. has also the form wrath, and wrasse may be an E. plural in -s.]
1. One or other species belonging to the acanthopterygian family Labridæ or esp. the genus Labrus of bony, thick-lipped, marine fishes; esp. the ballan (the ‘old wife’, Labrus maculatus) or the striped, red, or cook species (L. mixtus), found on the British coasts.
a1672Willughby Hist. Pisc. (1686) 319 Turdus vulgatissimus, Tincti marini Venetis: Cornub. Wrasse. Ibid. 320 Cornubiensibus Wrasse dicitur. a1705Ray Syn. Pisc. (1713) 136 Turdus vulgatissimus,..the Wrasse, or Old Wife. 1752J. Hill Hist. Anim. 249 The Wrasse, or Old-wife,..is frequent in the Mediterranean. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. VI. 307 The Labrus or Wrasse [has] the body oval; the head middling; the lips doubled inward. 1860Gosse Rom. Nat. Hist. 295 The brilliant wrasses dart out and in, decked in scarlet and green. 1888Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 686/2 Some 450 species of wrasses..are known.
b. With distinguishing epithet.
comber wrasse, cook wrasse, cuckoo wrasse, rainbow wrasse, red wrasse, small-mouthed wrasse, striped wrasse: see these words.
1769Pennant Brit. Zool. III. 203–8 Ballan Wrasse... Bimaculated Wrasse, L. bimaculata. Trimaculated Wrasse... Striped Wrasse... Gibbous Wrasse. 1776Ibid. (ed. 4) pl. xlvii, Comber Wrasse. Antient Wrasse. 1836Yarrell Brit. Fishes I. 279–291 The Green-streaked Wrasse... Red Wrasse, Three-spotted Wrasse [etc.]. 1840Cuvier's Anim. Kingd. 310 L. Lineatus, the Lineal-streaked,..L. variegatus, the Blue-streaked,..L. carneus, the Three-spotted Wrasse. 1848Maunder's Treas. Nat. Hist. s.v., Several species of this Acanthopterygious fish, viz...the Cook Wrasse or Blue-striped Wrasse (L. variegatus), the Comber Wrasse (L. comber). 1874Couch Brit. Fishes III. 30–41 Green Wrass... Scale-rayed Wrasse... Small-mouthed wrass. [etc.].
c. N.Z. (See quots.)
1872J. Hector Fishes N. Zealand 108 A small Wrasse,..called the Spotty or Poddly. 1898Morris Austral Eng. 518/2 Wrasse, this English name..is given, in New Zealand, to Labrichthys bothryocosmus, Richards. Called also Poddly, Spotty, and Kelp-fish.
2. Without article: Wrasses collectively.
1750Heath Acc. Isl. Scilly 45 The Fish are..Pilchards, Hake, Wrass, Whistlers. 1763in Pennant Brit. Zool. (1776) I. 143 Where the whistling fish, wraws, and polacks resort. 1878P. Thomson in Trans. N. Zealand Institute XI. 384 Wrasse, Parrotfish, and Spotties are often in the market. 1883All Year Round 16 June 16/1 The bill of fare of a family of the neolithic period... They had mullet and wrasse, dogfish and skate.
3. attrib., as wrasse family, wrasse-fish.
1840tr. Cuvier's Anim. Kingd. 309 Labridæ (the Wrasse, or Rock-fish Family). 1890Cent. Dict. s.v. Labrus, Wrasse-fish (Labrus maculatus). |
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