| 释义 | ‖ clavus|ˈkleɪvəs|
[L. clāvus nail, wart, tumour.]
1. The disease ergot which affects rye and other grasses. Hence ˈclavism [cf. It. clavismo] = ergotism (Syd. Soc. Lex.).
2. Path. and Physiol.
a. A pain in the forehead, as though a nail were being driven into it, associated with hysteria. Also clavus hystericus.
b. = corn n.2
c. Applied to various excrescences and callosities.
1807Morris & Kendrick Edin. Med. & Phys. Dict. I, Clavus..a fixed pain in the forehead, which may be covered by one's thumb, giving a sensation like as if a nail were driven into the part. When connected with hysteria, it is called clavus hystericus. The term is also applied to corns, from their resemblance to the head of a nail. 1848Dunglison Med. Lex. (ed. 7) 191/1 Clavus,..1. A Corn..2. Certain condylomatous excrescences of the uterus. 3. A callous tumour, which forms on the white of the eye. 1886Buck's Handbk. Med. Sci. II. 178/1 Clavus is a small, circumscribed, flattened, deep-seated, horny formation.
3. a. = laticlave. b. (See quot. 1842.) Also transf.
1842A. Rich in W. Smith Dict. Gk. & Rom. Antiquities 241/1 The clavus was..a band of purple colour..interwoven in the fabric... The clavus worn by the Romans was of two fashions, one broad and the other narrow, denominated respectively clavus latus and clavus angustus. Ibid. 242/1 Alexander Severus distinguished the equites from the senatores by the character of their clavus. 1875S. Cheetham in Smith & Cheetham Dict. Chr. Antiquities I. 396/1 Clavi are common to both sexes; women may be seen represented with that ornament..in pictures of the Wise and Foolish Virgins. Ibid. 396/2 Priests..are said to have worn the broad clavus, while deacons contented themselves with the narrow one on their tunics or dalmatics. 1936Burlington Mag. Mar. 146/1 Plate B..shows a portion of another clavus for which a treble scale-harness was used... There are other two-colour clavi. 1957M. B. Picken Fashion Dict. 63/2 Clavus. 1. A purple band which ornamented the Roman tunic, running up over each shoulder from hem to hem...2. A band of this type and color, often embroidered, used in early church vestments.
4. Zool. A term variously applied to a pointed part of the hemelytron of a bug adjoining the scutellum, to a projecting part of the genitalia of spiders, etc.
1865Douglas & Scott Brit. Hemiptera I. 3 The basal portion is composed of 2 pieces joined together at their sides; one narrow, adjoining the Scutellum, is distinguished as the Clavus. 1920I. F. & W. D. Henderson Dict. Sci. Terms 53/1 Clavus, the part of an elytron lying next to the scutellum in Hemiptera. 1935T. H. Savory Spiders 7 Some [female] spiders..have a downward projection from the fore-edge of the scape. This is called the crochet or clavus. |
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