| 单词 | photosensitize |
| 释义 | photosensitize, v.|fəʊtəʊˈsɛnsɪtaɪz|
[f. photo- 1 + sensitize v.]
trans. a. Chem. Of a substance: to initiate (a chemical change) by absorbing light energy and transferring it to a reactant.
1927Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. XLIX. 2763 (heading) Hydrogen peroxide formation photosensitized by mercury vapor. 1928Proc. R. Soc. A. CXXI. 297 Uranyl ion has..been found to photosensitize the decomposition of glucose in solution. 1951Symp. Soc. Exper. Biol. V. 142 Photolysis of water can be accomplished with much less energy if the process is suitably ‘photosensitized’, for instance, if water is irradiated in the presence of suitable ions. 1966Gucker & Seifert Physical Chem. (1967) xxiii. 722 The dissociation of hydrogen molecules into atoms requires..a quantum of wavelength 2770 Å. Hydrogen molecules do not absorb light of this wavelength, but mercury atoms, which absorb light at 2536·52 Å, have plenty of energy to photosensitize the formation of hydrogen atoms.
b. To make photosensitive.
1933Jrnl. Inst. Electr. Engin. LXXIII. 441/2 The mosaic..is composed of a very large number of minute silver globules, each of which is photo-sensitized by cæsium through utilization of a special process. 1941Nature 10 May 581/2 Carcinogenic hydrocarbons in very low concentration are able to photosensitize Paramecia. 1977J. L. Harper Population Biol. of Plants xvii. 503 The plant is a serious weed..because it photosensitizes the skin of white-skinned animals.
Hence photoˈsensitized ppl. a., -ˈsensitizing vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1914S. E. Sheppard Photo-Chem. xi. 435 The photochemical sensitiveness of dye-stuffs..depends in part upon the formation of a specific adsorption-complex of the dye with the substance sensitized. This photosensitizing is of considerable interest. 1931R. G. W. Norrish in Photochem. Processes (Faraday Soc.) ii. 461 (heading) The photosensitized formation of hydrogen peroxide in the system hydrogen-oxygen-chlorine. 1935Discovery Sept. 278/1 The mosaic screen is made up of millions of isolated photo-sensitised elements upon a mica sheet. 1964Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. II. 406 There are indications that urchins can be induced to cover by injecting photo-sensitizing dyes. 1974Photochem. & Photobiol. XIX. 35/1 Some amino acids..are sensitive to photosensitized oxidation. |
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