| 释义 | Newgate|ˈnjuːgeɪt|
The name of a celebrated London prison (pulled down in 1902–3), used attrib. as Newgate fashion, Newgate term, Newgate wretch; also Newgate bird, a gaol-bird; Newgate Calendar, a publication (first issued in 1773) containing accounts of prisoners in Newgate; Newgate frill or fringe, a fringe of beard worn under the chin; Newgate hornpipe, a hanging; Newgate knocker, a lock of hair twisted back from the temple towards the ear, worn by costermongers, etc.; Newgate novel, a picaresque novel of the second quarter of the nineteenth century; so Newgate novelist, Newgate school.
1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, iii. iii. 105 Fal. Must we all march? Bard. Yea, two and two, Newgate fashion. 1600S. Nicholson Acolastus (1876) 15 When naught but Newgate tearmes can store y⊇ tongue. 1607Dekker & Wilkins Jests D.'s Wks. (Grosart) II. 343 Our Newgate-Bird..spreading his Dragon-like wings..beheld a thousand Synnes. 1677Otway Cheats of Scapin i. i, Newgate-bird, rogue, villain. 1722De Foe Col. Jack (1840) 166 Every Newgate wretch..has here a fair opportunity. 1757Wesley Wks. (1872) IX. 233 What are they who steer by this rule better than a company of Newgate-birds? 1829W. Maginn in Partridge Dict. Slang (1937) 558/1 Toeing a Newgate hornpipe. 1836Wilson's Tales Borders II. 5/1 That extraordinary record of human vice and suffering, ‘The Newgate Calendar’. 1851Mayhew Lond. Labour I. 36/2 As for the hair, they say it ought to be long in front, and done in ‘figure-six’ curls, or twisted back to the ear ‘Newgate-knocker style’. 1854C. Knight Old Printer & Modern Press vi. 281 The host of penny Newgate novels..may continue to be sold; but, as far as we can trace, there are no novelties in this once popular literature of the gallows. 1865Dickens Mut. Fr. i. xiv, I also felt that I had committed every crime in the Newgate Calendar. 1885Cornh. Mag. Sept. 259 Some of them beardless, others with a fringe of hair around their faces, such as the English call a Newgate frill. 1896G. M. Stisted True Life R. F. Burton xi. 266 A man with a Newgate fringe, clad in grey homespun garments. 1959Brno Studies in English I. 104 The ‘Newgate novelists’ of the 'thirties (Edward Bulwer, W. H. Ainsworth, and Charles Whitehead) represent a literary school, which is generally called ‘the Newgate School’ or ‘Bulwer's school’. 1963K. Hollingsworth Newgate Novel 1830–47 i. 14 A series of novels having criminals as prominent characters aroused widespread attention. Contemptuous critics at the time called them Newgate fiction, and later writers have grouped them under the label of the Newgate novel. 1965S. Marcus Dickens: from Pickwick to Dombey ii. 67 In Catherine..Thackeray..identified Dickens with the Newgate novelists. 1970G. M. Fraser Royal Flash 188 And then it would be the Newgate hornpipe for Flashy, with the whole damned crew of Sons of the Volsungs hauling on the rope. 1971R. L. Wolff Strange Stories i. 24 The vogue of the ‘Newgate’ novel—as the new genre was called after the famous prison, where some of the most affecting scenes usually took place, and after the Newgate Calendar of crime—ran fast and furious.
Hence ˈNewgated pa. pple., put into Newgate; Newgaˈteer, a Newgate prisoner; ˈNewgatory a., belonging to Newgate (with pun on nugatory).
1678Narr. Proc. Old Bayly 4 An old Newgateer..was convicted for stealing Silver spoons. a1734North Exam. (1740) 258 Soon after this, he was taken up and Newgated. a1845Hood To Mrs. Fry xiii, But I don't like your Newgatory teaching. 1877Ruskin Fors Clav. lxxxii. 297 The modern philanthropist of the Newgatory school. |
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